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41.
Mengmeng Wang Quanyin Tan Joseph F. Chiang Jinhui Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2017,11(5):1
Urban mining is essential for continued natural resource extraction. The recovery of rare and precious metals (RPMs) from urban mines has attracted increasing attention from both academic and industrial sectors, because of the broad application and high price of RPMs, and their low content in natural ores. This study summarizes the distribution characteristics of various RPMs in urban mines, and the advantages and shortcomings of various technologies for RPM recovery from urban mines, including both conventional (pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and biometallurgical processing), and emerging (electrochemical, supercritical fluid, mechanochemical, and ionic liquids processing) technologies. Mechanical/physical technologies are commonly employed to separate RPMs from nonmetallic components in a pre-treatment process. A pyrometallurgical process is often used for RPM recovery, although the expensive equipment required has limited its use in small and medium-sized enterprises. Hydrometallurgical processing is effective and easy to operate, with high selectivity of target metals and high recovery efficiency of RPMs, compared to pyrometallurgy. Biometallurgy, though, has shown the most promise for leaching RPMs from urban mines, because of its low cost and environmental friendliness. Newly developed technologies—electrochemical, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and mechanochemical—have offered new choices and achieved some success in laboratory experiments, especially as efficient and environmentally friendly methods of recycling RPMs. With continuing advances in science and technology, more technologies will no doubt be developed in this field, and be able to contribute to the sustainability of RPM mining. 相似文献
42.
为了深度处理印染废水生化出水,使其达到工业回用要求,利用微波活化过硫酸钾产生具有强氧化性的硫酸根自由基·SO-4,降解印染废水生化出水中的有机污染物。考察了硫酸亚铁的投加量,过硫酸钾的浓度及pH的影响,并通过对比实验讨论了微波活化作用效果。结果表明,过硫酸钾微波组合能够有效地去除生化出水中的TOC和色度。对于某印染废水生化出水,处理效果在pH=10时最好,当过硫酸钾浓度为14 g/L时,TOC去除率达57.60%,脱色率为98.28%。研究结果表明,过硫酸钾微波组合对于印染废水的深度处理效果良好,有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
43.
Mohd Yusoff Nurulnadia Jiro Koyama Seiichi Uno Asami Kito Emiko Kokushi Eugene Tan Bacolod Kazuki Ito Yasutaka Chuman 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(3):1453-1463
This study presents the levels of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) accumulated by Paraprionospio sp. from the Yodo River mouth, Osaka Bay. Since high concentrations of nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BP), octylphenol (OP), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estrone (E1) have been measured in sediment from Osaka Bay, some bioaccumulation could be expected particularly in benthic animals. EDCs were analysed in Paraprionospio sp., a dominant benthic species in Osaka Bay. The results showed that Paraprionospio sp. had accumulated varying concentrations (wet weight; w.w.) of NP at 1,460–4,410 ng/g; BP at 22.5–39.6 ng/g; OP at 18.9–45.4 ng/g; E2 at 0.89–4.35 ng/g; and E1 at 0.06–2.50 ng/g. Accumulation of NP and OP were highest among the samples gathered in summer (July 2008), while concentrations of BP, E2, and E1 did not much differs within 3 years. EDC levels in Paraprionospio sp. were apparently greater than those in sediments showing bioaccumulation. 相似文献
44.
Xiaonan Liu Qiuxia Tan Yungui Li Zhonghui Xu Mengjun Chen 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2017,11(5):10
Copper recovery is the core of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) treatment. In this study, we proposed a feasible and efficient way to recover copper from WPCBs concentrated metal scraps by direct electrolysis and factors that affect copper recovery rate and purity, mainly CuSO4·5H2O concentration, NaCl concentration, H2SO4 concentration and current density, were discussed in detail. The results indicated that copper recovery rate increased first with the increase of CuSO4·5H2O, NaCl, H2SO4 and current density and then decreased with further increasing these conditions. NaCl, H2SO4 and current density also showed a similar impact on copper purity, which also increased first and then decreased. Copper purity increased with the increase of CuSO4·5H2O. When the concentration of CuSO4·5H2O, NaCl and H2SO4 was respectively 90, 40 and 118 g/L and current density was 80 mA/cm2, copper recovery rate and purity was up to 97.32% and 99.86%, respectively. Thus, electrolysis proposes a feasible and prospective approach for waste printed circuit boards recycle, even for e-waste, though more researches are needed for industrial application.
相似文献
45.
Hou Jiaqi Li Mingxiao Xi Beidou Tan Wenbing Ding Jie Hao Yan Liu Dongming Liu Hongliang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):21283-21297
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil conditioners can be used to compensate for the insufficient soil nutrition and organic matter (OM) of arable soils. However, the traditional... 相似文献
46.
为研究不同的多点泄漏工况对管道流动参数的影响,基于流动方程建立数学模型,讨论泄漏后压力下降幅值与泄漏位置、泄漏点数的关系,在室内输气环道采集多点泄漏工况下的压力信号并对理论分析结果进行验证。结果表明:泄漏点的上游和下游压力均减小,越靠近泄漏点压力降越大;2个泄漏点之间压力也下降,越靠近上游泄漏点,压力下降幅度越大;泄漏点距起点越近,泄漏引起的压力降低幅值越大。压力下降的幅值受距离起点最近的泄漏点位置影响最大,且随着泄漏点数的增多而增大。 相似文献
47.
Tan Xiao Wei Wenxia Xu Congbin Meng Yue Bai Wenrong Yang Wenjie Lin Aijun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(9):9126-9134
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, corn stalk was modified by manganese (Mn) before (MBC1) and after (MBC2) pyrolysis at different temperatures (400~600 °C)... 相似文献
48.
W. S. Chow S. G. Tan Z. Ahmad K. H. Chia N. S. Lau K. Sudesh 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2014,22(1):140-147
In this study, bio-thermoset from epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) was prepared in the presence of methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride curing agent and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole catalyst. The crosslink densities of the synthesized ESO are ranged from 0.109 × 10?3 to 0.308 × 10?3 mol/cm3. The ESO bio-thermosets were exposed to the soil-burial test for 8 months. Weight change and morphology of the degraded ESO specimens were assessed. It was found that the weight loss of ESO was governed by the materials compositions, crosslink density and the soil-burial exposure time. The 3 mm thickness ESO bio-thermosets with crosslink density of 0.109 × 10?3 mol/cm3 had fully biodegraded after soil-burial for 6 months. In addition, 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to identify the soil microorganisms. It was suggested that Comamonas sp., Bacillus sp., Streptomyces sp. and Acinetobacter sp. are the possible soil microbes that degrade the ESO bio-thermosets in the compost soil environment. 相似文献
49.
Aziz Khan Daniel Kean Yuen Tan Muhammad Zahir Afridi Honghai Luo Shahbaz Atta Tung Mir Ajab Shah Fahad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(17):14551-14566
This review outlines nitrogen (N) responses in crop production and potential management decisions to ameliorate abiotic stresses for better crop production. N is a primary constituent of the nucleotides and proteins that are essential for life. Production and application of N fertilizers consume huge amounts of energy, and excess is detrimental to the environment. Therefore, increasing plant N use efficiency (NUE) is important for the development of sustainable agriculture. NUE has a key role in crop yield and can be enhanced by controlling loss of fertilizers by application of humic acid and natural polymers (hydrogels), having high water-holding capacity which can improve plant performance under field conditions. Abiotic stresses such as waterlogging, drought, heat, and salinity are the major limitations for successful crop production. Therefore, integrated management approaches such as addition of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), the film antitranspirant (di-1-p-menthene and pinolene) nutrients, hydrogels, and phytohormones may provide novel approaches to improve plant tolerance against abiotic stress-induced damage. Moreover, for plant breeders and molecular biologists, it is a challenge to develop cotton cultivars that can tolerate plant abiotic stresses while having high potential NUE for the future. 相似文献
50.
Xiang Tan Fran Sheldon Stuart E. Bunn Quanfa Zhang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(6):4164-4175
Diatoms have been regularly used as bioindicators to assess water quality of surface waters. However, diatom-based indices developed for a specific geographic region may not be appropriate elsewhere. We sampled benthic diatom assemblages in the upper Han River, a subtropical river in China, to evaluate applicability of 14 diatom-based indices used worldwide for water quality assessment. A total of 194 taxa from 31 genera were identified in the dry season and 139 taxa from 23 genera in the wet season. During the dry season, significant relationships were found for all but one of the diatom-based indices (Index Diatom Artois–Picardie) with one or more physical and chemical variables including nutrients and ion concentrations in river waters. The Biological Diatom Index (IBD) and diatom-based eutrophication/pollution index (EPI-D) were strongly related to trophic status and ionic content, while Watanabe’s Index was related to organic pollution and conductivity. Yet, the diatom indices showed weak relationships with physical and chemical variables during the wet season. It suggests that diatom-based indices developed in Europe can be applied with confidence as bioindicators of water quality in subtropical rivers of China, at least during base-flow conditions. 相似文献